Question : The Export Preparedness Index (EPI) 2020 is published by the ~
a. NITI Aayog and Ministry of Trade & Commerce
b. NITI Aayog and the Institute of Competitiveness
c. NITI Aayog and Ministry of Finance
d. NITI Aayog and WTO
Answer : ✓ (b) NITI Aayog and the Institute of Competitiveness
For Prelims :
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This first report examine export preparedness and performance of Indian states.
Aim : To identify challanges and opportunities, enhance the effectiveness of government policies and encourage a facilitative regulatory framework.
Parameters for States Ranked :
By Four Key Pillars :
I. Policy : A comprehensive trade policy provides a strategic direction for export and import.
II. Business Ecosystem : An efficient business ecosystem can help states attract investments and create an enabling infrastructure for individuals to initiate start-ups.
III. Export Ecosystem : This is aim to assess the business environment, which is specific to export.
IV. Export Performance : This is the only output-based pillar and examines the reach of export footprints of States and Union Territories.
&
By 11 Sub-Pillars :
Export Promotion Policy
Institutional Framework
Business Environment
Infrastructure
Transport Connectivity
Access to Finance
Export Infrastructure
Trade Support
R & D Infrastructure
Export Diversification and
Growth Orientation
NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) :• established : 1 Jan 2015• Replaced Planning Commission of India• Approaches : Bottom-Up• Vision : "Sankalp Se Siddhi" (attainment through resolve)• NITI is neither a Constitutional body nor a Statutory body. It is a extra-Constitutional body.• NITI Aayog, is a think-tank of the Government of India.• Functions :+ To provide strategic, directional and technical advice for key elements of policy/development process at Local, State or Central levels.+ It will monitor and evaluate the implementation of programmes.+ It is also promote better Inter-Ministry Coordination and better Center -State Coordination.• Part of NITI Aayog : National and International experts, practitioners and partners are intended to be a part of the NITI Aayog.Composition of NITI Aayog :• Chairman : Prime Minister• Vice Chairman : Dr. Rajiv Kumar• Chief Executive Officer : Amitabh Kant• Governing Council : Chief Minister of all the States and Lt. Governors (UTs)...
According to Report :-
• EPI has shown most of the Indian States perform well in three Sub-Pillars - Export Diversification, Transport Connectivity, and Infrastructure (the average score of Indian states in these three Sub-Pillars was above 50%).
• Best Performers : most of the Coastal States. Under top ten ranking States - 6 from Coastal States.
• Top 3 Ranked States : Gujarat 1st, Maharashtra 2nd, and Tamil Nadu 3rd.
• Among landlocked states, Rajasthan has performed the best, followed by Telengana and Haryana.
• In the Himalayan States, Uttarakhand ranked highest, followed by Tripura and Himachal Pradesh.
• Across the Union Territories, Delhi is the highest, followed by Goa and Chandigarh.
• At present, 70% of India's export by 5 States - Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Telengana.
Three Fundamental Challenges :
According to report, export promotion in India faces three major challanges -
I. Intra-regional and Inter-regional disparities in export infrastructure;
II. Poor trade support and growth orientation among states; and
III. Poor R&D infrastructure to promote complex and unique exports.
To Mitigate Challenges :
• A joint development of export infrastructure;
• Strengthening industry-academia linkages;
• Creating state level engagements for economic diplomacy.
• Promote competitive local products.
• To development of indigenous products basket.
• Harnessing the innovations and technological to provide use of new products.
• States need adequate support from the Centre.
• States need to focus on dynamic export policies and plans.
Way Forward :
To increase exports from all the states and union territories can help India move from an emerging economy to a developed economy by focusing on 'Atma Nirbhar Bharat'. The export can also aid to generate jobs in India.
Question : The best performing State in EPI ~
a. Tamil Nadu
b. Maharashtra
c. Rajasthan
d. Gujarat
Answer : ✓ (d) Gujarat
References
PIB
NITI Aayog
GoI
AIR
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