Swachh Survekshan India 2021 : Cleaner Cities and Towns

Why in News ?

The Sixth edition of Sanitation survey 2021 adding a new dimension through Prerak DAUUR Samman. This Samman categories in Five levels of achievement in Swachhata -

1. Divya (Platinum)

2. Anupam (Gold)

3. Ujjwal (Silver)

4. Udit (Bronze)

5. Aarohi (Aspiring)

• The Swachh Survekshan Report launched by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA).

About Swachh Survekshan :

• Swachh Survekshan is an annual survey of cleanliness, hygiene and sanitation in cities and towns across India.

• The first survey started in 2016 with only 73 cities with million plus population has grown manifold today with 4,242 cities in 2020 and it is known as largest cleanliness survey in the world.

• The survey to rank all cities under Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U) with Quality Council of India (QCI) as it's implement partner.

• The Survey from 2019 onwards has been made completely digital and paperless (The first three round was mix paper+digital survey).

Objective : 

To encourage large scale citizen participation, ensure to garbage free and Open Defecation Free (ODF) cities and towns, the spirit of healthy competition among cities and towns to improve their service delivery to citizens and creating awareness amongst all sections of society about the importance of working together towards making towns and cities more habitable and sustainable.

Three Key Pillars of Swachh Survekshan :

1. Service Level Progress : evaluating progress of Cities on ODF status, segregated waste collection, processing, disposal, of solid waste and sustainable sanitation. Progress claimed is validated through citizens and on field visits;

2. Citizens' Voice : comprising assessment  of cities based on direct feedback, engagement with citizens and innovations helmed by citizens;

3. Certification : assessing progress of cities on their performance under Ministry's of certification protocols such as Star Rating for Garbage Free Cities and ODF/ODF+/ODF++/Water+.

Progress Achieved by Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban :

Parameter	2014	September 2020
Open Defecation Free (ODF)	No Concept of ODF Cities	Entire   Urban India
Individual Household Toilets Constructed	12.9 lakhs	66.56 lakhs
Community/Public Toilets Constructed	55,000	6.24 lakhs
ODF+ Certification	No Concept of ODF+	1319 Cities
ODF++ Certification	No Concept of ODF++	489 Cities
Door-to-door Waste Collection	Negligible	97%
Source Segregation of Waste	No such Concept	77%
Waste Processing	18%	67%
Garbage Free Cities	No such Concept	6 Cities- 5   Star rated,  83 Cities- 3  Star rated,  64 Cities- 1 Star rated

Also Read : Smart City Mission of India

Swachh Survekshan Report  on Major Categories and Rankings 2020 :

1. Cities with a population of more than 10 lakh :

➡️ Indore secured the first rank for the fourth consecutive year, followed by Surat and Navi Mumbai.

➡️Patna at the bottom in this category.

2. Cities with a population of 1 to 10 lakh :

➡️ Ambikapur (Chhattisgarh) secured first rank and followed by Mysore and New Delhi.

➡️ Gaya (Bihar) at the bottom in this Category.

3. Ganga Towns : Varanasi has been ranked the cleanest among Ganga towns.

4. State ranked on more than 100 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) : First rank - Chhattisgarh.

5. State with less than 100 ULBs/Cities : First Rank - Jharkhand.

Key Highlights of Survey 2020 :

• 1.87 crore citizen feedback received.

• 1.7 crore citizens registered on Swachhata App.

• Over 5.5 lakh sanitary workers linked to social welfare scheme.

• Over 84,000 informal waste pickers integrated into the mainstream.

• Over 4 lakh contractual employees employed by Urban Local Bodies.

• Over 21,000 Garbage Vulnerable points identified and transformed.

Evolution and Scale of Swachh Survekshan over the Year :

Year	No. of Cities	Focus	Citizen Feedback Received	Cleanest Cities
2016	73	Measuring Physical Progress	1 Lakh	Mysuru
2017	433	Measuring Output	18 lakhs	Indore
2018	4203	Measuring Outcomes	38 lakhs	Indore
2019	4237	Sustainability through introduction of Standardized Protocols	64 lakhs	Indore
2020	4242	Sustaining Outcomes through Quarterly League Survey	187 lakhs	Indore
2021	To be Announced	Integrated Approach by covering all assessment through common platform	----	----

Swachh Survekshan creating 'peer pressure', has the potential to transform governance in various other spheres through people's active participation, agility and competitiveness.

Also Read : e-Waste Management

References 

Yojana

PIB