Facts about Constitution of India

Facts about Indian Constitution


Know About the Constitution of India:

It is a key topic for General Knowledge/General Awareness which has more weightage in UPSC, State PCS and other exams. The Questions and Answer on Making of the Constitution dedicated to the initiative of Government of India to Know Your Constitution (KYC) and Constitutional Day (26th November).

 

Facts About Constitution of India:

Since 2015, November 26 has been designated as Constitution Day to mark the adoption of the Indian Constitution by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November, 1949, which came into effect on January 26, 1950.. Constitution Day also known as 'Samvidhan Divas'.

 

Background:

  • M.N. Roy first suggested the idea of a constituent assembly in 1934. He was a pioneer of the Communist movement in India and an advocate of radical democratism.
  • The Indian National Congress (INC) for the first time in 1935 demanded a Constituent Assembly to draft the Indian Constitution.
  • On behalf of the INC, Jawaharlal Nehru declared in 1938 that " the Constitution of free India must be framed, without outside interference, by a Constituent Assembly elected on the basis of adult franchise."

 

Framing of the Constitution of India:  

  • Britain was sent Cabinet Mission to India in February 1946. It was arrived on 24th Mar, 1946 in India and published its plan on May 16, 1946.
  • However, the cabinet mission plan served as the foundation for the actual constituent assembly's formation in 1946.
  • The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held on 9 December 1946, the Muslim League members had boycotted, demanding partition.
  • Dr Sachidanand Sinha was the first president of the Constituent Assembly. Later, Dr Rajendra Prasad was elected its president and H.C. Mookherjee was the Vice-President of the Constituent Assembly of India.
  • The objective resolution was proposed on 13 December 1946 by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru in the Constituent Assembly of India.
  • The Drafting Committee, which was established on August 29, 1947 of the Constituent Assembly of India. The chairman of the drafting committee was Dr B R Ambedkar.
  • Sir Benegal Narsing Rau (B. N. Rao) was appointed as the advisor to the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly.
  • The National Flag of India was adopted in its present form during the meeting of Constituent Assembly held on July 22, 1947, a few days before India’s Independence from the British on August 15, 1947.
  • There were 15 women members in the Constituent Assembly. They included Sarojini Naidu, RajkumariAmritKaur, HansabenJivraj Mehta, SuchetaKripalani and G. Durgabai, who spoke of equal rights for one and all, when women in many parts of the world were denied basic rights.
  • Formation of the constituent Assembly (6 Dec, 1946) and the first meeting of the Assembly (9 Dec, 1946).
  • On November 26, 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution of India.
  • It is the world’s lengthiest written Constitution which had 395 Articles, 22 Parts and 8 Schedules at the time of its commencement.
  • On 24th January, 1950, the Constituent Assembly met for the last time.
  • The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November, 1949 and came into force on 26th January, 1950.

 


Questions-Answers on Making of the Indian Constitution: 

Question and Answer Form to recall the facts about Indian Constitution.

Que. Who gave the idea of a constituent assembly of India for the first time? / The idea of a constituent assembly of India for the first time given by. / The idea of a constitution of India was first given by.

Answer:

M.N. Roy first suggested the idea of a constituent assembly in 1934. He was a pioneer of the Communist movement in India and an advocate of radical democratism. However, the cabinet mission plan served as the foundation for the actual constituent assembly's formation in 1946.

 

Que. When did the Cabinet Mission come to India? / When was the Cabinet Mission was sent to India?

Answer:

Britain was sent Cabinet Mission to India in February 1946. It was arrived on 24th Mar, 1946 in India and published its plan on May 16, 1946. This mission consisted of Lord Pethick Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps and A. V. Alexander.

 

Que. What was the purpose of sending a Cabinet Mission to India?

Answer:

Clement Attlee (British Prime Minister) decided to send a Cabinet Mission to India in 1946 for the transfer of powers from the British Indian government to Indian leaders.

 

Que. What was the objective of the Cabinet Mission plan?

Answer:

The major objective of the Cabinet Mission plan-

  • To obtain an agreement with the Indian leaders over the creation of India's constitution.
  • To create a body that will write constitutions (the Constituent Assembly of India).
  • With the support of the major Indian parties, to establish an Executive Council.

 

Que. When was the first meeting of the Constituent Assembly held?

Answer:

The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held on 9 December 1946, the Muslim League members had boycotted, demanding partition.

 

Que. Who was the first chairman of the Constituent Assembly?

Answer:

Dr Sachidanand Sinha was the first president of the Constituent Assembly. Later, Dr Rajendra Prasad was elected its president and H.C. Mookherjee was the Vice-President of the Constituent Assembly of India for drafting the Constitution of India before Partition of India.

 

Que. Who proposed objective resolution in the Constituent Assembly of India?

Answer:

The objective resolution was proposed on 13 December 1946 by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru in the Constituent Assembly of India. It provided the philosophy and guiding principles for framing the Constitution and later took the form of Preamble of the Constitution of India.

 

Que. Who was the chairman of the drafting committee of the Constituent Assembly?

Answer:

The Drafting Committee, which was established on August 29, 1947 of the Constituent Assembly of India. The chairman of the drafting committee was Dr B R Ambedkar.

Drafting Committee Consists of Seven Members. They were:

  1. Dr B R Ambedkar (Chairman)
  2. N Gopalaswamy Ayyangar
  3. Alladi Krishnaswamy Ayyar
  4. Dr K M Munshi
  5. Syed Mohammad Saadullah
  6. N Madhava Rau (He replaced B L Mitter who resigned due to ill-health)
  7. T T Krishnamachari (He replaced D P Khaitan who died in 1948).

 

Que. Who was the constitutional advisor of the Constituent Assembly?

Answer:

Sir Benegal Narsing Rau (B. N. Rao) was appointed as the advisor to the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly.

 

Que. Who is the father of the Indian Constitution?

Answer:

B. R. Ambedkar (Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar/ Babasaheb) is known as the father of the Indian Constitution. He was the chief architect of the Constitution of India.

 

Que. When was the first session of the Constituent Assembly held?

Answer:

Formation of the constituent Assembly (6 Dec, 1946) and the first meeting of the Assembly (9 Dec, 1946)-The Constituent Assembly which is a body of popularly elected representatives assembled for the purpose of drafting or adopting the Constitution, met for the first time on 9 December 1946.


Que. When was constitution of India adopted?

Answer:

On November 26, 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution of India, contained a Preamble, 395 Articles and 8 Schedules.

 

Que. When was constitution of India enacted/enforced/implemented?

Answer:

The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November, 1949 and came into force on 26th January, 1950. Republic Day of India is celebrated on January 26 to mark the day when the Constitution of India came into effect.


 Que. Indian Constitution was prepared in how many days?

Answer:

The Indian Constitution was prepared in 2 years 11 months 18 days. The Constitution of India was adopted on 26 November 1949.


Que. The beating retreat ceremony takes place on which date?

Answer:

The Republic Day (26th January) celebrations come to an end with the Beating Retreat ceremony. The Indian Army is in charge of organizing and hosting the event, and the Indian President is invited as the chief guest. The Vijay Chowk is transformed by the ceremony's lights, music, and sense of patriotism.


Que. Why is 26 November celebrated as Constitution Day?

Answer:

Since 2015, November 26 has been designated as Constitution Day to mark the adoption of the Indian Constitution by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November, 1949. Constitution Day also known as 'Samvidhan Divas'.

Que. How many articles in Indian Constitution 2022? / Total articles in Indian Constitution 2022.

Answer:
The original version of the constitution, which was adopted on November 26, 1949, included a Preamble, 395 articles divided into 22 parts, and eight schedules. Since its enactment in 1950, 104 amendments have been made, bringing the total number of articles to 448. Additionally, the constitution now comprises 12 schedules and 25 parts.

Also Read: MCQ on Head of the Constitutional Bodies

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