Important Indices:
UPPSC, UPSC has asked questions in Preliminary Examination on reports and indices released by important International and National Organisations.
1. Human Development Index 2020 (HDI)
• Published by : United Nation Development Programme (UNDP).
• Three basic elements of Human Development to measure HDI –
I. Life Expectancy
II. Education &
III. Per Capita Income
• India ranks 131st out of 189 countries (2020) & in 2019 – 129th ranks.
• Top 3 ranks – Norway, Switzerland and Ireland respectively.
• Best performer of among India’s neighbors – Sri Lanka (71) and China (85).
2. Human Capital Index 2020 (HCI) :
• Released by : the World Bank as a part of the World Development Report 2019.
• This year theme “The Changing Nature of Work”.
• India is ranked at 116th out of 157 countries.
• Three basic dimensions of HCI are,
I. Survival – measured by under-5 mortality rates
II. Expected years of Quality-Adjusted School : measured by quantity and quality of education.
III. Health Environment – measured by Adult survival rate of stunting for children under 5.
• Top nations mostly from North America and Europe for HCI.
3. Global Hunger Index 2020 (GHI) :
• Published by : Welthungerhilfe and Concern Worldwide
• India ranks 94th among the 105 countries.
• Four Indicators of GHI –
I. Undernourishment (which shows inadequate food availability)
II. Child Wasting (i.e. low weight for their height, reflecting acute undernutrition)
III. Child Stunting (i.e. low height wrt age, reflecting chronic undernutrition)
IV. Child Mortality (The mortality rate of children under the age of 5).
• Among BRICS, India is ranked the worst, with China at 25.
• The world goal to achieve “Zero Hunger by 2030”. It is one of the Sustainable Development Goal of the United Nations.
4. Global Gender Gap Index 2020 (GGGI) :
• Published by : World Economic Forum (WEF)
• India has ranked 112th among 153 countries.
• Top 3 Nations : Iceland, Norway, and Finland respectively.
• Last Place – Yemen (153rd).
• India’s neighbors – Bangladesh 50, Nepal 101, Sri Lanka 102, China 106, Pakistan 151 ranked.
• It is measures progress towards parity between men and women.
• It is based on
I. Economy
II. Education
III. Health
IV. Political representation
5. Gender Inequality Index :
• Published by : United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
• It uses three elements-
I. Reproductive Health
II. Empowerment
III. Labour Market Participation
Table of Important Indices : India’s Ranking in Different World Indices:
|
Index
|
Published By
|
India’s Rank
|
Top Rank
|
|
World Press
Freedom Index, 2021
|
Reporter
Without Borders
|
142nd
|
Norway
|
|
Global Hunger
Index 2020
|
Concern
Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe
|
94 (In
2019 – 102nd)
|
—
|
|
Global
Innovation Index 2020
|
Cornell
University, INSEAD, World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
|
48th
(In 2021 – 46th )
|
Switzerland
|
|
Gender Gap
Index 2020
|
World
Economic Forum
|
112th
|
Iceland
|
|
Global
Competitiveness Index 2020
|
World
Economic Forum
|
68th
|
Singapore
|
|
Ease of Doing
Business 2020
|
World Bank
|
63rd (In 2019 – 77th )
|
New Zealand
|
|
World Digital
competitiveness Ranking
|
IMD
|
44th
|
USA
|
|
Global Peace
Index, 2020
|
Institute for
economics and pace
|
139th
|
Iceland
|
|
World
Happiness Report 2020
|
UN
|
144th
|
Finland
|
|
Henley
Passport Index 2021
|
Henley and
Partners
|
85th
|
Japan
|
|
Economic
Freedom Index 2021
|
US-based
think tank named Heritage Foundation
|
121st
|
Singapore
|
|
Global Energy
Transition Index 2021
|
World
Economic Forum
|
87th
|
Sweden
|
|
Global
Cybersecurity Index (GCI) 2020
|
International
Telecommunication Union (ITU)
|
10th
|
USA
|
|
Corruption
Perception Index 2020
|
Transparency
International
|
86th
|
New Zealand
and Denmark
|
|
Human
Development Index 2020
|
UNDP (United
Nations Development Programme)
|
131st
|
Norway
|
|
Climate
Change Performance Index
|
New Climate
Institute, Germanwatch and CAN
|
10th
|
Sweden
|
|
Smart City
Index 2020
|
Institute for
Management Development
|
Hyderabad,
85th Position
|
Singapore
|
|
World Risk
Index 2020
|
United
Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS) and
Bundnis Entwicklung Hilft and University of Stuttgart, Germany
|
89th
|
Vanuatu
|
|
Startup
Ecosystem Ranking Report 2020
|
Startup Blink
|
23rd
|
USA
|
|
Global
Climate Risk Index 2020
|
Germanwatch
|
5th
|
Japan
|
|
Sustainable Development Goal Index 2020
|
Sustainable Development Solutions Network(SDSN)
|
117
|
Finland
|
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