India is a largest democracy in the world and it is governed by the synthesis of the both Constitutional and Non-constitutional bodies in India.
What are the Constitutional Bodies ?
The Constitutional Bodies / Constitutional Institutions are mentioned in the Constitution of India.
The any change or creation of the Constitutional bodies by the amendment of the Constitution. This will be done by passing a Constitutional amendment bill, rather than by a regular, minister or private bill. E.g. UPSC, CAG, Finance Commission, Election Commission etc.
List of the Constitutional Bodies :
| Constitutional Bodies | Articles | Chairman |
|---|---|---|
| 1. The Finance Commission | Article – 280 | N. K. Singh (15th) |
| 2. The State Finance Commission | Article – 243-I | Different in every State |
| 3. The Attorney General | Article – 76 | K. K. Venugopal |
| 4. The Election Commission | Article – 324 | Sunil Arora |
| 5. The State Election Commission | Article – 243-K | Different in every Stae |
| 6. The Comptroller & Auditor General of India (CAG) | Article – 148 | Shri Girish Chandra Murmu |
| 7. The Advocate General of State | Article – 165 | Different in every State |
| 8. Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) | Articles – 315-323 | Arvind Saxena |
| 9. State Public Service Commission (SPSC) | Articles – 315-323 | Different in every State |
| 10. National Commission for SCs | Article – 338 | Ram Sankar Kateria |
| 11. National Commission for STs | Article – 338A | Nand Kumar |
| 12. National Commission for Backward Classes | Article – 338B *This was added by 102nd CAA, 2018 |
Dr. Bhagwan Lal Sahni |
| 13. Inter State Council (ISC) | Article – 263 | PM Narendra Modi |
| 14. District Planning Committee | Article – 243ZD | — |
| 15. Metropolitan Planning Committee | Article – 243ZE | — |
| 16. Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities | Article – 350B | — |
| 17. Goods and Service Tax Council (GSTC) | Article – 279A * This was added by 101st CAA, 2016 |
Nirmala Sitharaman |
What are the Non-Constitutional Bodies ?
Non-Constitutional bodies are also known as Extra-Constitutional bodies. These bodies are form by the executive actions (neither a Constitutional Body nor a Statutory Body) or established by legislature/Parliament (Statutory Bodies), but there is no specific definition for the non-constitutional bodies in the Constitution of India. E.g. NITI Aayog, CBI, CVC etc.
List of the Non-Constitutional Bodies :
|
Non-Constitutional Bodies |
Current Chairman |
|
1. NITI Aayog |
Narendra Modi |
|
2. National Human Right Commission (statutory) |
Ex CJI H.L. Dattu |
|
3. State Human Right Commission (Statutory) |
Different in every State |
|
4. Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) |
Rishi Kumar Shukla |
|
5. Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) (Statutory) |
Shri K V Chaudhari |
|
6. Lokpal and Lokayuktas (Statutory) |
Pinaki Chandra Ghose |
|
7. Central Information Commission (CIC) |
Bimal Julka |
|
8. State Information Commission (SIC) |
Different in each States |
The Constitutional bodies are more powerful, independent and permanent in nature than Non-Constitutional bodies. The non-constitutional bodies are formed as per requirements of the country.
This basic information regarding to the Constitutional and Non-Constitutional bodies will help in various competitive examination and in general life. The questions asked from this topic in the exam of UPSC/PCS/UPPSC/SSC…
List of Schedules of the Indian Constitution 👉 CLICK HERE
References
Constitution of India
Indian Polity : M. Laxmikant
GoI